So far, what I have observed and experienced is that the flash card way to learn the words is the most effective and easiest. However, you just need to learn the trick to know how to use those. Never, I repeat never go for the already printed flash cards. Make your own!

There are different random word lists that you can always jot down on your flash card. Some of them are available in alphabetical orders which are usually taken up from dictionary entries in a series. But learning words from same initial letter soon becomes boring.

Noting down to learn the same sounding words – homophones can be very tricky and confusing. You will always be confused if lie is to lie as in telling untruth, or lie is to lay someone down and saying oopse.

The best way is to start from the root words. The root words can make your life very easy. Even if you don’t know what a word really means, by looking at the root word, you can at least guess what would it mean. For example: derm is means skin, so now even if taxidermy looks like an alien to you, you know it is related to skin. During the test if you come across the word and you missed it out in your vocabulary, you can surely make up something from the information that you have. The good news is it is not necessary to learn the literal meanings of the words. Just the familiarization is fine enough.

Once you get hold of the roots words, move towards word groups. The biggest advantage in learning the words in groups is that even though the meaning of all the words are same, but you end up learning 6 words within 5 minutes. Let’s say: bold is fearless and daring, but so are audacious and dauntless too. See, in less than a minute you have learnt 3 words.

Now how do you put it on flashcards? First of all, take as many colorful plain flash cards you can. Take a thick marker, and on one side write the word you want to learn. Turn it off, and write the meaning with an appropriate sentence. Write down the similar word group in one sitting so that you can be confident that in a one time you have mugged up quite a lot of words. You will be surprised with the number of words you will end up learning.

When revising the words, it’s always better to play the games available on internet to test your memory. In fact, it also helps when you are randomly playing a word-game and come across an interesting word that you would want to add up in your vocabulary. If you have a language master, store the words in the memory card and then you can always reproduce them on later dates.

Iron is an essential part of hemoglobin, and hemoglobin is what enables your red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to your brain and other organs and tissues. If you don’t have enough iron in your blood, you are at risk for iron deficiency anemia.
Anemia is usually common among women because of excessive blood loss during menses. Pregnant women have enormous iron needs and can lead to anemia if proper dietary plans are not followed.

To ensure that you are anemic, rush for a complete blood test as soon as possible and don’t panic. There are multiple iron supplements available in the market these days. But consult your physician before taking the supplements as too much intake of iron is also not very healthy. The most important is to eat healthy and include iron enriched food in your meals. The following food items should be included in your diet: liver, meat, beans, nuts, dried fruits, whole grains, fish, poultry, green leafy vegetables and enriched cereals.

Once iron levels are corrected, consuming enough iron on a daily basis can help prevent iron levels from becoming too low again. Women between the ages of 14 and 18 should aim to consume 15mg of iron every day, whereas women from 19 to 50 require 18mg daily. Because of the lack of menstruation, the iron needs of women over the age of 50 drop to 8mg per day. Pregnant women require 27mg of iron daily and women who are lactating need 9 to 10mg daily.

Iron absorption is greatly boosted up by consumption of foods that are high in vitamin C, such as citrus, tomatoes and strawberries. Foods to avoid hindrance with iron absorption are tea, coffee, wheat bran, spinach, Swiss chard, rhubarb, chocolate, soft drinks, beer, ice cream and candy bars. Also, avoid aspirins as much as possible.

Below is is the script I use to complete this task:

cat /destination/file | grep -i “http://” | awk ‘BEGIN{ RS=”1 {sub(/”.*/,”");print; }’ );

You need to change <a *href* to upper or lower case depending on how its written in source file.

Regulate Your Finances
Know your household’s monthly income, the amount spent on bills and the average spent on entertainment and miscellaneous purchases. Knowing the exact amounts that are added and extracted from your bank account each month helps you save on overdraft fees and unexpected payments. For example, say your family’s monthly income is $3,100. Let’s say your bills amount to $2,200; leaving you with $900 extra to play with each month. Budget approximately $300 for activities and entertainment and you’re left with $600. Sure, you can buy a pair of shoes and a set of golf clubs every now and then, but your money is put to better use earning interest in a savings account.

]]> http://iwebuniversity.com/articles/basic-money-management-tips/feed/ 3 http://iwebuniversity.com/howtos/linux-sending-squid-logs-mysql-database-syslogng/ http://iwebuniversity.com/howtos/linux-sending-squid-logs-mysql-database-syslogng/#comments Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:47:27 +0000 Umair A Shahid http://iwebuniversity.com/?p=5213 What I am going to write below is how I configured squid and syslog-ng to send squid logs to mysql database, so that i can further analyze them.

SQUID CONFIGURATION

First I changed log format of squid access logs file by editing squid’s configuration file usually located at /etc/squid/squid.conf

vi /etc/squid/squid.conf

Then search for “logformat” I configured my squid server’s log format to something  looks like this:

logformat custom %{%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S}tl,%tr,%>a,%>A,%rm,%ru,%{Content-Length}h,%{User-Agent}>h

Where, custom is a name for this format. This format will provide me following information (separated by comma):

date,response time(millisec),user ip,user host,request method,request url,file size,downloaded size,squid status,referer,user-agent

Note:You can change log format to whatever you want. After changing log format, now search for “access_log” and modify logformat name to what you have given above. In my case, its “custom” so:

access_log /var/log/squid/access.log custom

Where,

access_log is a syntax to configure squid access logs.

/var/log/squid/access.log is the path for squid access logs file.

custom is the name for logformat we’ve just created. Squid configuration is now complete.

SYSLOG-NG CONFIGURATION

I am not covering how to install syslog-ng, so, we are moving now to syslog-ng configuration.

NOTE: Install libdbi-mysql package along with syslog-ng, or else, syslog-ng wont send logs to mysql server.

Open sysnlog-ng configuration file, usually located at /etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.conf

Syslog-ng configuration is divided into three parts, i.e. SOURCE, DESTINATION, and PARSER.

First, we will create data source for syslog-ng, which is squid.

Write this (syslog-ng.conf):

source all { file("/var/log/squid/access.log"); };

Where,

source is the syntax to define a data source.

all is the name for this data source we are creating. You can name it anything.

file(“/var/log/squid/access.log”) is the source file where access logs are located. Now we will configure destination.

NOTE:Before configuring destination, what we need to understand is how syslog-ng interpret data and assign them into variables? Syslog-ng have its own default variables it assigned by automatically inspecting data source, but we are going to define our own variables. Write this (in syslog-ng.conf):

destination d_mysql {  
sql(type(mysql) 
host("db.example.org") 
username("db_username") 
password("db_password") 
database("syslog") 
table("squid") 
columns("date", "responsetime", "userip", "userhost", "requestmethod", 
"requesturl",  "filesize", "downloaded", "squidstatus", "referer", "useragent") 
values("$YEAR-$MONTH-$DAY $SQDATE", "$SQRESPONSETIME", "$SQUSERIP", "$SQUSERHOST", 
"$SQREQUESTMETHOD",  "$SQREQUESTURL", "$SQFILESIZE", "$SQDOWNLOAD") };

Where,

destination is a syntax to define data destination.

d_mysql is the name for this destination

sql type is a type of database

columns are table’s fields

values are the variables syslog-ng will assign data in.

Now we are going to define parser so that syslog-ng can understand squid log format and assigned them in respective variables.

Note:This is where we will create our own variables.

Write this (in syslog-ng.conf):

parser p_squid {  
csv-parser(columns( "SQDATE", "SQRESPONSETIME", "SQUSERIP", "SQUSERHOST", 
"SQREQUESTMETHOD",  "SQREQUESTURL", "SQFILESIZE", "SQDOWNLOADED", 
"SQSQUIDSTATUS", "SQREFERER", "SQUSERAGENT") 
flags(escape-none) 
delimiters(",") 
quote-pairs('""[]') 
); };

Where,

parser is the syntax for defining parser.

p_squid is the name for parser.

csv-parser(columns( are the variables we want syslog-ng to grab data in.

delimitersare simply column delimiter, which is in our case comma.

Finally, we will join these 3 to make this thing work. Write this (in syslog-ng.conf):

log { source(all); parser(p_squid); destination(d_mysql); };

where,

all is the name of our data source

p_squid is the name of parser

d_mysql is the name of destination

MYSQL DATABASE CONFIGURATION

Now, as our final step, we will create database for syslog-ng with a table.

Login to mysql and run these commands in this sequence:

create database syslog;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `squid` (
 `serial` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `date` text NOT NULL,
 `responsetime` text NOT NULL,
 `userip` text NOT NULL,
 `userhost` text NOT NULL,
 `requestmethod` text NOT NULL,
 `requesturl` text NOT NULL,
 `filesize` text NOT NULL,
 `downloaded` text NOT NULL,
 `squidstatus` text NOT NULL,
 `referer` text NOT NULL,
 `useragent` text NOT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`serial`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=36 ;

This is it. Now restart squid, and then syslog-ng service, and check syslog-ng logs for possible errors by typing this command:

tail -f /var/log/syslog

That’s all :) Please give your feed back in comments, Thank you.

Adventure Sports Photography, by renowned photographer and workshop leader Tom Bol, combines personal stories from field experience with expert photo technique. Aspiring outdoor photographers, both adventure sports shooters and outdoor photography enthusiasts, will find this book to be a valuable reference and guide. It covers everything an adventure sports shooter needs to know to get the shot-from packing and organizing gear for an afternoon shoot of rock climbing at the local crag to a month-long sea kayaking expedition. You’ll explore composition and creative angles for stunning adventure sports images, and learn in-depth techniques for using speedlights and strobes for creative lighting when you’re shooting in the field. This book also shows you how to create a sequence shot and set up an effective digital workflow. In addition to creating environmental portraits, you’ll find out how to produce quality video of adventure sports.

Tom Bol has been photographing adventure sports for more than 25 years, documenting adventures on every continent, and his work has been published worldwide. He is a regular contributor to Digital Photo magazine, and he’s been recognized as one of National Geographic Adventure’s “50 of America’s Top Visionaries” for his photography. Tom’s work has been featured by Elinchrom, LowePro, Manfrotto, and Nikon, and he is a Sandisk Extreme Team member. PDN readers voted Tom one of the photography world’s best workshop leaders. He is also an instructor at Kelby Training, Maine Photo Workshops, Photo Quest Adventures, and Strabo Photo Tours.

Download Link:

http://www.filesonic.pk/file/4303371005/Adventure.Sports.Photography.pdf

http://www.filejungle.com/f/CnT9uQ/Adventure.Sports.Photography.pdf

Download Link:

http://www.filesonic.com/file/4302270725/0870136062.pdf

The rapidly changing context of the modern tourism and hospitality industry, responding to the needs of increasingly demanding consumers, coupled with the fragmenting nature of the marketing and media environment has led to an increased emphasis on communications strategies.

How can marketing communication strategies meet the changing and challenging demands of modern consumers, and maintain a company’s competitive edge?

Marketing Communications in Tourism and Hospitality: concepts, strategies and cases discusses this vital discipline specifically for the tourism and hospitality industry. Using contemporary case studies such as South African Tourism, Travelocity and Virgin Trains, it explains and critiques the practice and theory in relation to this industry. Combining a critical theoretical overview with a practical guide to techniques and skills, it illustrates the role that communications play in the delivery and representation of hospitality and tourism services, whilst developing practical skills needed to understand, interpret and implement communications strategies within a management context.

This systematic and cohesive text is essential reading for hospitality management students, and an invaluable resource for marketing practitioners in this growing area.

. Aids understanding of how marketing practice specifically relates to the business of hospitality and tourism.
. Provides a clear overview of the underlying theories of communication to help develop skills and contribute to effective marketing.
. Uses detailed and extensive international case studies, to illustrate the theories and show good practice.

Download Link:
http://www.filesonic.pk/file/4305883215/Marketing_Communications_in_Tourism_and_Hospitality.pdf

Optical Image Stabilization

• Optical image stabilization refers to any stabilization method, whether lens-based or sensor-based, that uses the optics of the camera to compensate for small vibrations, which can become amplified when shooting in low light or with a telephoto lens. Digital image stabilization refers to stabilization methods using software to detect and compensate for shaky motion between images. This means that while optical stabilization is available in still and video cameras, digital stabilization is only useful for digital video.

Lens-Based Stabilization

• Often considered synonymous with optical image stabilization, lens-based image stabilization applies minute adjustments to the camera’s lens when gyroscopic sensors detect vibration. This form of stabilization is built into the lens itself, and can vary depending on the lens type and manufacturer. This also means that you can upgrade to a lens with better image stabilization capability. Lens-based stabilization is the only form of image stabilization currently available in film cameras.

Sensor-Shift Stabilization

• Instead of adjusting the lens, a camera using sensor-shift stabilization adjusts the digital image sensor to compensate for shake. Like lens-based stabilization, this method uses gyroscopic sensors to detect vibration. This method is built into the body of the camera and is independent of the lens. Corrections using sensor-shift stabilization are not visible in the viewfinder of most cameras and can only be viewed after taking the photo, while lens-based stabilization is visible through the viewfinder.

Comparison

• Tests have shown that lens-based image stabilization is generally superior to the sensor-shift method, making possible slower shutter speeds and better low-light photography. Popular Photography magazine found that one image-stabilized lens offered up to four f-stops of shutter speed less than a lens without stabilization. While these optical stabilization methods compensate independently for motion and can’t be used simultaneously, a camera using switchable sensor-shift technology would ensure at least a degree of image stabilization when a stabilized lens isn’t in use.

• Eleven case studies provide insightful, empirical data from real-world organizations
• Provides a broad view across organizational settings and factors, such as personnel, and technical environments, including cloud, Agile, and open source options
• Illuminates the hard-won lessons, tradeoffs, and impacts—with advice on how to engineer successful, sustainable changes yourself

Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Getting Started
Chapter 2. Industrial Case: Organizational Change in a Large Information Technology Shop
Chapter 3. Industrial Case: Justifying a Process Improvement Program for a Large Bank
Chapter 4. Industrial Case: Moving to Commercial Off-the-Shelf and Open-Source Software Usage in Telecommunications
Chapter 5. Industrial Case: Small Defense Project Needs Help
Chapter 6. Industrial Case: Utility Moving to the Clouds
Chapter 7. Industrial Case: Adoption of Agile Methods
Chapter 8. Government Case: Large Defense Project Behind Schedule and Over Budget
Chapter 9. Government Case: Introducing New Technology
Chapter 10. Government Case: Maintenance Shop in Turmoil
Chapter 11. Academic Case: Establishing a Meaningful Collaboration with Industry
Chapter 12. Making an Impact

Appendix. Acronyms
Appendix. Glossary
Appendix. Recommended Readings, References, and Resources

Book Details

• Paperback: 192 pages
• Publisher: Microsoft Press (December 2011)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0735664757
• ISBN-13: 978-0735664753